PHI-base accession

Stable accession number for each database entry to aid curation

EMBL accession

Link-out to EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database

Gene name

Name of the fungal gene that was disrupted in the published study

Pathogen NCBI Taxonomy ID

NCBI taxonomy ID of the pathogenic fungus

Pathogen species

Systematic name of the pathogenic fungus

Disease name

Name of the disease caused by the pathogen host interaction

Monocot / Dicot plant

Number of cotyledons, if the host is a plant

Host NCBI Taxonomy ID

NCBI taxonomy ID of the host organism

Experimental host

Common name of the host organism

Function

Function of the disrupted gene

Pathway

Name of the pathway the disrupted gene is involved in

Phenotype of mutant

• Loss of pathogenicity – the transgenic strain fails to cause disease
• Reduced virulence – the transgenic strain still causes some disease formation but this is less than the wild-type strain (ie. a quantitative effect). Synonymous with the term reduced aggressiveness.
• Unaffected pathogenicity - the transgenic strain which expresses no or reduced levels of a specific gene product(s) has wild-type disease causing ability
• Increased virulence (Hypervirulence) - the transgenic strain causes higher levels of disease than the wild-type strain
• Effector (plant avirulence determinant) - currently a plant pathogen specific term which was previously known as an avirulence gene. An effector gene is required for the direct or indirect recognition of a pathogen only in resistant host genotypes which possess the corresponding disease resistance gene. Positive recognition leads to activation of plant defences and the pathogen fails to cause disease. Note some effector genes are required to cause disease on susceptible hosts but most are not.
• Lethal - the transgenic strain which expresses no or reduced levels of a specific gene product(s) is not viable. The gene product is essential for life.

Mating defect

Yes/No If the gene disruption causes a mating defect affecting pathogenicity

Pre-penetration defect

Yes/No If the gene disruption causes a block in the disease process before penetration e.g. Formation of appressoria

Penetration defect

Yes/No If the gene disruption causes a block in the disease process at penetration

Post-penetration defect

Yes/No If the gene disruption causes a block in the disease process after penetration

Vegetative spores

Defects in asexual sporulation caused by the gene disruption e.g reduced sporulation

Sexual spores

Defects in sexual sporulation caused by the gene disruption e.g reduced sporulation

In vitro growth

Growth defects in culture caused by the gene disruption e.g. reduced growth

Spore germination

Defects in spore germination caused by the gene disruption

Essential gene

Lethal effect from gene disruption

Inducer

For cases where a particular compound is needed to induce gene expression e.g. Pectin

Host response

Details any difference in the host defence response to a fungus with a disrupted gene

Experimental evidence

• Gene disruption, no complementation
• Gene disruption with complementation
• Gene deletion, no complementation
• Gene deletion with complementation
• Gene disruption, gene deletion, no complementation
• Gene disruption, gene deletion with complementation
• Gene silencing
• Gene over-expression
• Agro-infiltration of host to test gene function
• Particle bombardment of host to test gene function
• Stable host transformation to test gene function
• Expression from infectious virus vector to test gene function in host

Entered by

Name of the curator who entered the interaction to the database

Manual or text mining

Method of information retrieval

Literature ID

Accession number for the published article

Literature source

Name of library or information resource containing the publication

Full citation

Full citation of the article if no ID is available

Amino acid sequence

Amino acid sequence of the gene product

Nucleotide sequence

Nucleotide sequence of the gene

Comments

Field provided for any further free text information